Resumen

Introducción. La legalidad de la función policial deriva de un mandato jurídico y constitucional. En este sentido, sus implicaciones, impacto y actuaciones constitutivas poseen relevancia mundial. La literatura científica permite comprender esta función, mientras que su estudio bibliométrico proporciona pautas para identificar sus principales abordajes. Por ello, el objetivo de esta investigación fue realizar una revisión sistemática de la información publicada durante el periodo 2000–2025 y alojada en la base de datos Scopus. Método: Para la revisión sistemática se aplicó el protocolo PRISMA en el proceso de identificación, selección e inclusión de la información. Inicialmente, se identificaron 128 documentos; posteriormente, tras el proceso de tamizaje y la aplicación de los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, se seleccionaron los 67 documentos que conformaron el corpus definitivo del estudio. Resultados: Se identificaron las principales tendencias en la producción científica y la citación, siendo 2012 el año con mayor número de publicaciones. Estados Unidos fue el país con la mayor producción científica sobre el fenómeno estudiado. Asimismo, en las relaciones de coocurrencia, los términos “legalidad” y “labor policial” fueron los más destacados. Conclusión: Se identificó una tendencia creciente en los últimos años hacia el estudio del tema, concentrada en tres aspectos principales: la legalidad y la potestad de persecución penal, la gobernanza policial y la formación policial.

PDF

Referencias

Agbor, A. (2021). Accountability of Law Enforcement Personnel for Human Rights Violations in Cameroon: Trends and Challenges. Potchefstroom Electronic Law Journal, 24, 1-33. https://doi.org/10.17159/1727-3781/2021/v24i0a10395

Awan, I., Spiller, K., & Whiting, A. (2013). Muslim communities’ attitudes towards and recruitment into the British police service. International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice, 41(4), 421–437. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijlcj.2013.08.004.

Bhawana Chauhan, M.& Bhriguraj Mourya, D. (2025). Police Accountability in Strengthening Democratic Trust: An Analytical Perspective. International Journal of Research, 12(9), 260–271. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17285743

Bowers, J. (2014). Probable cause, constitutional reasonableness, and the unrecognized point of a «pointless indignity.» Stanford Law Review, 66, 987–1050.

Chu, X. (2023). Reflections on Police Law Enforcement and Civil Rights Protection based on Constitutional Perspective: The Case of Xie Chaoping’s Criminal Detention for Publishing His Works as an Example. Frontiers in Humanities and Social Sciences, 3(6), 104-109. https://doi.org/10.54691/fhss.v3i6.5151

Costa, A. P., Moresi, E. D., Pinho, I., & Halaweh, M. (2023). Integrating bibliometrics and qualitative content analysis for conducting a literature review. In 2023 24th International Arab Conference on Information Technology (ACIT) (pp. 1–8). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACIT58888.2023.10453680

Dalins, J., Wilson, C., Sheppard, J., Rivers, B., & Bedale, R. (2018). Laying the foundations for effective machine learning in law enforcement: Majura – A labelling scheme for child exploitation material. Digital Investigation, 26, 40–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.diin.2018.05.004.

Donthu, N., Kumar, S., Mukherjee, D., Pandey, N., & Lim, W. M. (2021). How to conduct a bibliometric analysis: An overview and guidelines. Journal of Business Research, 133, 285–296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.04.070

Esser, R. (2018). The Police and the Right to Life. In: Alleweldt, R., Fickenscher, G. (eds) The Police and International Human Rights Law. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71339-7_4

Fekjær, S. B., & Petersson, O. (2019). Educating legalists or corruptible cops? Police education and practical training. Policing and Society, 29(8), 936–950. https://doi.org/10.1080/10439463.2018.1467417.

Fekjær, S. B., Petersson, O., & Thomassen, G. (2014). From legalist to Dirty Harry: Police recruits’ attitudes towards non-legalistic police practice. European Journal of Criminology, 11(6), 745–759. https://doi.org/10.1177/1477370814525935

Gómez Velasco, N. Y., Jiménez González, A. E., & Rodríguez Gutiérrez, J. K. (Eds.). (2023). Elementos de bibliometría. Fundamentos y aplicaciones. Publicaciones Universidad de América. https://doi.org/10.29097/9786289517651

Goold, B. J. (2004). CCTV and policing: Public area surveillance and police practices in Britain. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199265145.001.0001

Ho, T. (1999). Assessment of police officer recruiting and testing instruments. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation, 29(3–4), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1300/J076v29n03_01

Hotz, G. (1999). Evaluating the recruitment and screening instruments of police officers. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation, 29(3-4), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1300/J076v29n03_01.

Katz, Charles M., David E. Choate, Justin R. Ready, & Lidia Nuňo. (2014). Evaluating the Impact of Officer Worn Body Cameras in the Phoenix Police Department. Phoenix, AZ: Center for Violence Prevention & Community Safety, Arizona State University.

Kovalska, V., & Spasenko, N. (2022). State guarantees for the establishment of a monthly allowance per year of service of academic staff to a police officer assigned to a higher education institution with specific training conditions to ensure the educational process. Social and Legal Studios, 5(3), 23–28. https://doi.org/10.32518/2617-4162-2022-5-3-23-28.

Kubaienko, A., Okhrimenko, I., Kryzhanovska, O., Kislitsyna, I., & Hryshchenko, M. (2021). The police competence to ensure the rights and freedoms of citizens in modern society. Cuestiones Políticas. https://doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.3969.09

Kuckartz, U., & Rädiker, S. (2023). Qualitative content analysis: Methods, practice and software (2nd ed.). SAGE Publications. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781036212940

Law, J., & Roycroft, M. (2021). Use of force and public order. In M. Roycroft & L. Brine (Eds.), Modern police leadership. Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63930-3_5

Lum, C. (2009). Community policing or zero tolerance? Preferences of police officers from 22 countries in transition. The British Journal of Criminology, 49(6), 788–809. https://doi.org/10.1093/bjc/azp039

Martel Rodríguez, W. D., Ferrari Lagos, M. A., Reyes Flores, L. G., Monroy Hernández, M. R., Lagos Salgado, R. I., Barrientos Flores, R. I., & Díaz Licona, J. M. (2026). Estereotipos implícitos en la función policial: Una revisión sistemática. Prometeo: Arte, Cultura y Educación. 4 (1).

May, J.D. (2014). Police Use of Force. In The Encyclopedia of Criminology and Criminal Justice, J.S. Albanese (Ed.). https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118517383.wbeccj161

Mazerolle, L., Bennett, S., Davis, J., Sargeant, E., & Manning, M. (2013). Legitimacy in policing: A systematic review. Campbell Systematic Reviews, 9(1), i–147. https://doi.org/10.4073/csr.2013.1

Meško, G., & Hacin, R. (2023). Police legitimacy and community policing in Slovenia. Revija za kriminalistiko in kriminologijo, 74(4), 303–316.

Meško, G., Fields, C. B., Lobnikar, B., & Sotlar, A. (Eds.). (2013). Handbook on policing in Central and Eastern Europe. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6720-5

Misse, M. (2015). Letalidade policial e indiferença legal: A apuração judiciária dos ‘autos de resistência’ no Rio de Janeiro (2001-2011) [Uso letal de la policía e indiferencia jurídica: El procesamiento judicial de los «asesinatos de la resistencia» en Río de Janeiro (2001-2011)]. Dilemas: Revista de Estudos de Conflito e Controle Social, (1), 43–71.

Monjardet, D. Police and the Public. European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research 8, 353–378 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008781130862

Olson, G. (2022). From law and literature to legality and affect. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192856869.001.0001.

Rakar, I., & Tičar, B. (2016). Normative principles in the criminal justice system. European Journal of Crime, Criminal Law and Criminal Justice, 24(2-3), 135–150. https://doi.org/10.1163/15718174-24032089.

Rovira-Esteva, S., Olalla-Soler, C.& Franco Aixelá, J. (2022). Bibliometrics. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6363363

Shkepast, M. (2023). The limits of the establishment of legal restrictions in the official activities of police officers. Vestnik Advanced Training Institute of the MIA of Russia, (2), 31–35. https://doi.org/10.29039/2312-7937-2023-2-31-35

Simmler, M., Canova, G., & Schedler, K. (2023). Smart criminal justice: Phenomena and normative requirements. International Review of Administrative Sciences, 89(2), 415–432. https://doi.org/10.1177/00208523211039740

Skamagki, G., Carpenter, C., King, A., & Wåhlin, C. (2024). The concept of integration in mixed methods research: A step-by-step guide using an example study in physiotherapy. Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 40(2), 197–204. https://doi.org/10.1080/09593985.2022.2120375

Sunshine, J., & Tyler, T. R. (2003). The role of procedural justice and legitimacy in shaping public support for policing. Law & Society Review, 37(3), 513–548. https://doi.org/10.1111/1540-5893.3703002

UNODC. (2011). Manual sobre responsabilidad, supervisión e integridad de la Policía. ONUDC

Vera, M. (2025). Las Actividades de Inteligencia Policial para el Combate de las Organizaciones Criminales Transnacionales que Afectan la Seguridad Nacional. Revista Cuadernos de Trabajo . https://doi.org/10.58211/sasd0h37

Wang, J. (2013). Citation time window choice for research impact evaluation. Scientometrics, 94(3), 851–872. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-012-0775-9

Zupic, I., & Čater, T. (2015). Bibliometric methods in management and organization. Organizational Research Methods, 18(3), 429–472. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094428114562629